نویسندگان

1 استاد دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی

2 دانشیار گروه مدیریت صنعتی دانشگاه شاهد

3 کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت کارآفرینی دانشگاه شاهد

4 استادیار گروه مدیریت صنعتی دانشگاه شاهد

چکیده

   با توجه به پویایی و پیچیدگی شرایط و محیط کسب و کار امروزی ،داشتن و به کارگیری تفکرات و رفتار کارآفرینانه و ایجاد سازمان های کارآفرین بر کسی پوشیده نیست. سازمان های عصر حاضر به کارآفرینی سازمانی به دلیل نقشی که در کسب مزیت رقابتی پایدار از طریق؛ نوآوری، مخاطره پذیری و نوسازی استراتژیک برای سازمانها ایفا می کند، توجه خاصی داشته اند. با توجه به اینکه فراهم سازی شرایط برای اجرای ابعاد فوق توجه بسیاری از محققان را به خود جلب کرده؛ هدف این پژوهش آن است که با رویکردی جامع به شناسایی و اولویت بندی عوامل تاثیر گذار بر کارآفرینی سازمانی در صنایع غذایی بپردازد. کارآفرینی سازمانی می تواند فرصت های خلق ارزش جدید در صنایع غذایی را شناسایی و توسعه دهد. جامعه آماری اول این پژوهش شامل 714 نفر از مدیران، متخصصان و کارشناسان شرکت های کارآفرین در صنایع غذایی بهروز، زمزم، پاک، گلستان و محسن می باشد؛ که با فرمول کوکران 250 نفر به شیوه تصادفی ساده به عنوان نمونه تحقیق انتخاب شدند. جامعه آماری دوم نیز برای اولویت بندی عوامل تعداد 16 نفر از صاحب نظران و اساتید مدیریت کارآفرینی دانشگاهها می باشند. ابزار اصلی مورد استفاده در این تحقیق برای گردآوری داده ها پرسشنامه است. این پژوهش از نظر هدف کاربردی و از لحاظ شیوه اجرا توصیفی – همبستگی است. برای تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات از روش های مدل یابی معادلات ساختاری و فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی فازی استفاده شده است. نتایج بررسی نشان می دهد که چهار دسته عوامل؛ سازمانی، فردی، استراتژیک و محیطی تاثیر مثبتی بر کارآفرینی سازمانی در شرکت های کارآفرین در صنایع غذایی دارند و در ضمن عوامل سازمانی از اهمیت بیشتری در این رابطه برخوردارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Factors Affecting Corporate Entrepreneurship

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Mehdi Alvani 1
  • Saeed Safari 2
  • Reza Kohan Hoosh Nejad 3
  • Saeed Khodamoradi 4

1 Professor in Accounting and Management Faculty, Allameh Tabataba’i

2

3

4

چکیده [English]

According to the dynamism and complexity of today's business environment, the importance of applying entrepreneurial thinking and actions and creating entrepreneurial organizations is evident. Nowadays, organizations have particular considerations to corporate entrepreneurship due to its role in gaining sustainable competitive advantage through innovation, risk taking and strategic renewal of organizations. With regard to the fact that providing conditions for implementation of extra dimensions has attracted the attention of many researchers, the purpose of this study was with a comprehensive approach to identify and prioritize the factors affecting corporate entrepreneurship in food industries. CE can identify and develop value creation opportunities in the food industry. The first statistical population of this research consisted of 714 participants including executives, professionals and entrepreneurial organizationexperts in the food industries of Behrouz, Zamzam, Pak, Golestan, Mohsen, which have been selected as sample in random, according to Cochran Formula 250. The second statistical population was selected within 16 experts and professors of entrepreneurship management in universities to prioritize the factors. The research is applicable in aim, and descriptive-correlative in conduction. The Structural Equation Modeling and Fuzzy Hierarchy Analyze process techniques were used to analyze information. The results show that the four organizational, individual, strategic and environmental factors have positive effects on corporate entrepreneurship in entrepreneurial companies in the food industry and the fact that organizational factors are more important in this regard.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Corporate Entrepreneurship
  • Sustainable Competitive Advantage
  • Innovation
  • Risk taking
  • Strategic Renewal
احمد پور داریانی، محمود(1390)؛ کارآفرینی پیشرفته، چاپ اول،انتشارات راه دان
حیدر علی، هومن(1389)؛ مدل یابی معادلات ساختاری با کاربرد نرم افزار لیزرل، چاپ سوم، انتشارات سمت.
مقیمی،سیدمحمد(1392)؛ نظریه های کارآفرینی، چاپ اول، تهران، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران
مقیمی،سیدمحمد(1384)؛کارآفرینی در سازمان های دولتی، چاپ دوم، تهران، انتشارات فراندیش.
Allan Gibb, (2006). Entrepreneurship : unique solution for unique environment.
Antoncic, B. and Hisrich, R.D. (2001). Intrapreneurship: construct refinement and cross-cultural validation, Journal of Business Venturing, 16 (5): 495-527.
Armesh,H.,Wei,C.,Marthandan,G.(2014). Corporate Entrepreneurship Antecedents and Firm Performance : J. Basic. Appl. Sci. Res., 4(5):36-51
Bhardwaj,B.R.,Sushil.(2012). Internal environment for corporate entrepreneurship: Assessing CEAI model for emerging economies, Journal of Chinese Entrepreneurship Vol. 4 No. 1: 70-87
Bratnicki, (2005). Organizational entrepreneurship: Theoretical background, Some empirical tests, and directions for future research, Human Factors and Economics in Manufacturing, 15 (1): 15-33.
Burgelman, R.A. (1983). Designs for Corporate Entrepreneurship, California Management Review, 26: 154-66.  
Covin, J.G. & Miles, M.P. (1999). Corporate entrepreneurship and the pursuit of competitive advantage, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 23(3): 47-64.
Covin, J.G. and Slevin, D.P. (1991). A conceptual model of entrepreneurship as firm behavior, Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 16(1): 7-25.
Cornwall, J.R. & Perlman, B. (1990). Organizational Entrepreneurship, Home Wood: Irwin.
Christensen K.S. (2004),” A classification of the corporate entrepreneurship umbrella: labels and perspectives”, Int. J. Management Enterprise Development, Vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 301-315.
Demir, Y. (2011).Institutionalization and corporate entrepreneurship in family firms. African Journal of Business Management Vol.5 (2), pp.416-422.
Duobiene,J.(2013). Corporate Entrepreneurship In Organizational Life-Cycle: Economics And Management: 18 (3)
Echoles, A. and Neck, C. (1998). The impact of behavior and structure on corporate entrepreneurship success, Journal of Managerial Psychology, 13 (1/2): 38-46.
Forlani D & Mullins J.W. (2000),” Perceived risks and choices in entrepreneurs’ new venture decisions”, Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 15, pp. 305–322.
Guth, W. D., & Ginsberg, A. (1990).Corporate entrepreneurship. Strategic Management Journal, Special Issue 11, 5–15.
Hornsby, J.S., Kuratko, D.F., &Montagno, R.V. (1999). Perception of internal factors for corporate entrepreneurship: A comparison of Canadian and U.S. managers. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 24(2), 9–24.
Hornsby, J.S., Kuratko, D.F., & Zahra, S.A. (2002). Middle managers’ perception of the internal environment for corporate entrepreneurship: Assessing measurement scale. Journal of Business Venturing, 17(3), 253–273.
Hornsby, J.S., Naffziger, D.W., Kuratko, D.F., &Montagno, R.V. (1993).An interactive model of the corporate entrepreneurship process. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 17(2), 29–37.
Johnson, S. & Van de Ven, A.H. (2002).A framework for entrepreneurial strategy. In M.A. Hitt, R.D. Ireland, S.M. Camp, & D.L. Sexton (Eds.), Strategic entrepreneurship: Creating a new mindset (pp. 66–85). Oxford UK .Blackwell Publishers.
Jones, O. (2005), "Manufacturing Regeneration Though corporate entrepreneurship: Middle Managers and Organizational Innovation", International Journal of Operations & Production Management, Vol. 25, No. 5, pp. 491-511.
Jennings, D.F. & Lumpkin, J.R. (1989). Functionally modeling corporate entrepre-Neurship: an empirical integrative analysis, Journal of Management, 15(3): 485 – 511.
Kantur,D.,Iseri-Say,Arzu.(2012). Organizational context and firm-level entrepreneurship: a multiple-case analysis, Journal of Organizational Change Management Vol. 26 No. 2: 305-325
Kearney, C.Hisrich, R.Roche .F, (2008).A conceptual model of public sector corporate entrepreneurship. Springer Science + Business Media, 4:295–313.
Kuratko. (2007). Corporate entrepreneurship, Foundations and Trends in Entrepreneurship, Vol 3, no 2, pp 1-65.
Kuratko,D.F.,Hornsby,J.S.,Covin,j.G.(2014). Diagnosing a firm’s internal environment for  Corporate entrepreneurship. Business Horizons , 57:37-47
Kuratko. D. F., Ireland, R. D., Covin, J. G., Hornsby, J. S. (2009). Conceptualizing corporate entrepreneurship strategy. Academy of Management Executive, 16(4), 5–20.
Kuratko. D. F., Ireland, R. D., Covin, J. G., Hornsby, J. S. (2005). "A Model of Middle-Level Managers’ Entrepreneurial Behavior". Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 29(6), pp. 699-716.
Kuratko, D.F., Hornsby, J.S., Naffziger, D.W. and Montagno, R.V. (1993), “Implementing entrepreneurial thinking in established organizations”, S.A.M. Advanced Management Journal, Vol. 58 No. 1, pp. 28-39.
Leonidas,z.&Vassillis,M.(2007).Entrepreneurship behavior in the Greek public sector, International Journal of Entrepreneurship behavior and Research,Vol.13
Mazzarol, Tim and Reboud, Soplie (2006), The Strategic Decision Making of Entrepreneurs within Small High Innovator Firms, IntEntrep Management Journal, 2:261–280.
Miles, M.B. &Covin, J.G. (2002). Exploring the practice of corporate venturing: Some common forms and their organizational implications, Entrepreneurial theory and Practice, 26(3): 21-40.
Minzberg, H. (1990), “Strategy making in three modes”, California Management Review, Vol. 16 No. 2, pp. 44-83.
Mokaya,S.O.(2012). Corporate Entrepreneurship and Organizational Performance: Theoretical Perspectives, Approaches and Outcomes International Journal of Arts and Commerce, Vol. 1 No. 4 :133-143
Morris. & Cornwall. (2009). Properties of balance: A pendulum effect incorporate entrepreneurship. Business Horizons .52, 429-440.
Morris, M. H., Kuratko, D. F., &Covin, J. (2008).Corporate entrepreneurship and innovation. Mason, OH: Thomson Southwestern.
Othman,J.,Shamsuddin,S.,Shahadan,M.(2012). The Dimension of Corporate Entrepreneurship and the Performance of Established Organization, ACRN Journal of Entrepreneurship Perspectives Vol. 1, Issue 2, : 111-131
 
Radmard,S.G.,Ardakani,M.A.,Rahro,A.H.,(2013). Enhancing corporate entrepreneurship through organizational support, International Journal of Management and Humanity Sciences. Vol., 2 (S): 1067-1072
Sharma, P., & Chrisman, J. J. (1999).Toward a reconciliation of the definitional issues in the field of corporate entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 23(3), 11–27.
Shane, S. &Venkataraman, S. (2002). The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Academy of Management Review, 25, 217–226.
Wolcott. &Lippitz, M. (2007).The four models of corporate entrepreneurship, Mit sloan management review, Vol49, No1, 75-82.
William, S. Eichholz, D (2007).Entrepreneurship Skills Assessment, School of Business, Emporia State University.
Zahra, S.A. (1993). A conceptual model of entrepreneurship as firm behavior: a critique and extension, Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 17 (4): 5-21.
Zahra, S.A., Jennings, D.F., &Kuratko, D.F. (1999). The antecedents and consequences of firm-level entrepreneurship: the state of the field, Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 24(2):45-64.