Management Studies in Development and Evolution

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Abstract If we consider accidents in  mines  and  mining  industries, through a system perspective, we will attain  a better understanding of the  nature  and  the  causes of these accidents. Some  of the  inputs of our  industries are: human  resources, technology, and  financial  resources. Shortages  in  any  one  of  these  resources will  have  impact  upon   our working  environment and  may  cause  accidents in workplace.   Hazardous  conditions,   unsafe   act,   old   methods &  techniques, shortage of  skills,  know-hows,   unsafe  equipment and  tool,  are some  of  the positive   entropies  in   our  mining   industries.   Managers    should    eliminate, control  and  minimize hazardous conditions and  they  are obliged   to  provide negative entropies in order to minimize  the  occupational accident. Employees should    have   access   to   a   safe   place   to   work,  safe   tools    &  equipment, knowledge  of  overt   and   covert   hazards,   competent   fellow   employees  and supervisors,  and   the   means   to  ensure  that   the  rules   and   regulations  are observed.   In  order  to  meet  these  serious  obligations,  managers  should  view the  whole  issue  through  a  system  perspective  and  use  system   approach  to minimize  the  unsafe conditions and  maximize  the  occupational safety.

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Abstract This  paper  has as its aim  a description of the  entrepreneurs as  the  "main source of change"  and  "change  factor"  in  administrative organizations.  First, the    principle    of  entrepreneurs   will   historically    be   explain    and    then differences  between  entrepreneurs  and  entrepreneurs  in view of some  recent researches  in  applied  entrepreneurship theory will be discussed.  Then  we will refer  to  some  categories   in  entrepreneurship  schools  and  theories.   We  will briefly  describe   these  entrepreneurship  schools,  in  telation  to  the  applied research  of entrepreneurship.  These  schools  and  theories   include:  the  great person     school,     psychological     characteristics    school,     classical    school, management   school,  leadership  school  and  the intrapreneurship school.  We will describe the intrapreneurship school  in  detail and determine the  positions of  the  mentioned   schools   and  their  central  attention   in  the  life  cycle  of organizations. Factors   such   as  survival,   rising   productivity   and   effectiveness   against changes   and   threats  demand   that   administrative  organizations  adapt  and coordinate    themselves     with    the    environment    as    a    result     of    the intrapreneurship  activity  of those  who  work  in  administrative  organization.         We  explain  the  process  of development and  improvement  of .organizations and   the   way   entrepreneurs   become    managers.    Characteristics    of   these entrepreneur   managers,   the  way  we  may  identify  and   employ   them   and recognize  their significant  position  in  the administrative  organization  will he discussed. Finally, ways or creating  a favorable intrapreneurship activity environment and   certain    strategies   resulting   in   intrapreneurship   spirit   will   also   be discussed.

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Abstract At the present time, unemployment (presence or insufficiency of appropriate employment opportunities for the job  seekers, and unbalanced work force supply and demand) is one of our country's basic problems. As an approach, based on information technology (telephone, fax, electronic mail, voice mail, LAN, WAN, MAN, such as internet) and assuring special fundamentals, concepts, frameworks, laws and particular necessities, teleworking can be considered as an effective approach for creating new employment opportunities (especially for the educated community). In this paper,   while scanning the role of technology revolution, especially the information revolution, on the jobs and their infrastructures, teleworking and the subjects concerned (social and economic effects, advantages and disadvantages, and the jobs having the capability of teleworking, and... ) are thoroughly viewed, and a suggestive pattern of initiating the  system of teleworking in Iran is presented, evidently, creating and putting in use the system of teleworking in our country, requires some presuppositions like the related technology training (computer, scan, internet, fax, and ... ), English language learning and maintaining the system of teleworking in the country, and providing the related frameworks, laws, instructions, and legislative concerns.