Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Professor,Allameh Tabatabaei University

2 Assistant Professor of Management, Allameh Tabatabaei University

3 student

Abstract

Banking industry is one of the most important service provider industries in Iran. Given the crucial role of human resources and employee behavior in Quality Management Services, the aim of this study is to survey the impact of perceived organizational support, psychological empowerment and leader-member exchange on organizational commitment and its consequences on the quality of service in the banking industry. This is descriptive, correlational and practical study. Statistical population is all of employees of pasarged bank branches in Tehran and its customers. By Clustering method, 322 employees have been selected and by simple random sampling 322 customers were selected. In this paper Eisenberger perceived organizational support questionnaire, Spreitzer psychological empowerment questionnaire, Liden & Maslyn LMX questionnaire, Allen & Meyer organizational commitment questionnaire and Parasuraman SERVQUAL questionnaire have been used for data gathering. For analyzing data Lisrel and SPSS softwares were used. Results showed that POS, PE and LMX affect OC and have relationship with QOS. A suggestion in human resource development strategies in order to compete in the service sector of the banking industry is that manager should pay more attention to the factors affecting organizational commitment, that is not only creating a reward system. Success of a bank in attracting customers and maintaining them depended on the service that employees provide to customers, hence, the role of employees and their organizational behavior is highlight and providing services quality is one of challenges in organizational behavior and human resources field and is related to organizational commitment, Leadership, perceived of organizational support and psychological empowerment of employees. 

Keywords

بهرامی، حمیدرضا، صریحی اسفستانی،رسول، (1394)، ارتباط بین اعتماد سازمانی، حمایت سازمانی ادراک‌شده و تعهد سازمانی، فصلنامه علمی-پژوهشی مطالعات مدیریت (بهبود و تحول)، سال 24، شماره 87، صفحات 16-1.
جمشیدی اوانکی، مینا، مرجانی، امیربابک، و جمشیدی، لیلا. (1388). تعهد سازمانی و کیفیت خدمات در بانک ملت. فصلنامه مدیریت کسب و کار، 4، 191-171.
حجتی، حمید، طاهری، نورالله، کمانگر، سارا، حکمتی پور، نفیسه، و میرزاعلی، جمیله. (1394). ارتباط بین توانمندسازی  و تعهد سازمانی پرسنل پرستاری. مجله سلامت و مراقبت، 1، 90-82.
سیدجوادین، سیدرضا، فیاضی، مرجان، و بلوچی، حسین. (1394)، بررسی تاثیر سرمایه روانشناختی بر کیفیت خدمات ادراک شده به مشتریان توسط کارکنان باجه با میانجی‌گری تعهد سازمانی. فصلنامه مدیریت دولتی، 2، 302-277.
طالقانی، غلامرضا، دیوانداری، علی، و شیرمحمدی، ملیکا. (1388). تاثیر حمایت ادراک شده از سوی سازمان بر تعهد کارکنان و عملکرد سازمانی: مطالعه‌ای در شعب بانک ملت شهر تهران. فصلنامه علوم مدیریت ایران، 16، 25-1.
لینچ، ریچارد (1397). مدیریت استراتژیک، ترجمه وحید خاشعی و فاطمه زرگران، تهران: انتشارات فوژان.
مرتضوی، سعید، ناظمی، شمس‌الدین، پریشانی فروشانی، حمیده (1395)، بررسی نقش واسط خلاقیت در رابطه بین توانمندی روانشناختی و تعهد کارکنان، فصلنامه علمی- پژوهشی مطالعات مدیریت (بهبود و تحول)، سال 25، شماره 81، صص 121-101
Becker, H. S. (1960). Notes on the concept of commitment. American Journal of Sociology, 66(1), 32-40.
Chang, L.C. & Liu, C.H. (2008). Employee empowerment, innovative behavior and job productivity of public health nurses: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 45(10), 1442-1448.
Dansereau, F., Jr., Graen, G., & Haga, W. J. (1975). A vertical dyad approach to leadership within formal organizations. A longitudinal investigation of the rolemaking process. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 13(1), 46-78.
DeCicco, J., Laschinger, H., & Kerr, M. (2006). Perceptions of empowerment and respect:  effect on nurses’ organizational commitment in nursing homes. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 32 (5), 49–56.
Dhar, R. L. (2015). Service quality and the training of employees: The mediating role of organizational commitment. Tourism Management, 46, 419-430.
Dietz, J., Pugh, S. D., & Wiley, J. W. (2004). Service climate effects on customer attitudes: an examination of boundary conditions. Academy of Management Journal, 47(1), 81-92
Eisenberger, R., Aselage, J., Sucharski, I. L., & Jones, J. R. (2004). Perceived Organizational Support. In J. Coyle-Shapiro, L. Shore, S. Taylor, & L. Tetrick (Eds.), The employment relationship: Examining psychological and contextual perspectives. Oxford University Press.
Eisenberger, R., Cummings, J., Armeli, S., & Lynch, P. (1997). Perceived organizational support, discretionary treatment, and job satisfaction. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82(5), 812-820.
Esgandari, K., Saalehpoor Bonab, R.,  Sarmast, B., Fakhimi Azar, S., & Khalili, M. (2012). Investigation on relation between personnel organizational commitment and banking services quality. African Journal of Business Management, 6(26), 7915-7923.
Garg, S. & Dhar, R. L. (2014). Effects of Stress, LMX and Perceived organizational support on service quality: Mediating effects of organizational commitment. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 21, 64-75.
Ghosh, S., & Swamy, D. R. (2014). A literature review on organizational commitment - A Comprehensive Summary. International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, 4(12), 4-14.
Givens, R. J. (2011). The role of psychological empowerment and value congruence in mediating the impact of transformational leadership on follower commitment in American churches. International Journal of Leadership Studies, 6(2).
Gounaris, S.P. (2005). Trust and commitment influences on customer retention: insights from business-to-business services. Journal of Business Research, 58(2), 126-140.
Graen, G. B., & Cashman, J. (1975). A role-making model of leadership in formal organizations: a developmental approach. In J. G. Hunt, & L. L. Larson (Eds.), Leadership frontiers (pp. 143-166). Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press.
Gronroos, C. (2000). Service management and marketing: A customer relationship management approach, 2nd  ed, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK.
Henderson, D. J., Wayne, S. J., Shore, L. M., Bommer, W. H., & Tetrick, L. E. (2008). Leader-member exchange, differentiation, and psychological contract fulfillment: a multilevel examination. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(6), 1208-1219.
Hofmann, D. A., Morgeson, F. P., & Gerras, S. J. (2003). Climate as a moderator of the relationship between leader member exchange and content specific citizenship: safety climate as an exemplar. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(1), 170-178.
Hu, J., & Liden, R. C. (2013). Relative leader–member exchange within team contexts: How and when social comparison impacts individual effectiveness. Personnel Psychology, 66(1), 127-172.
Islam, T., khan, S., Ahmad, U. & Ahmed, I. (2013). Organizational learning culture and leader-member exchange quality; the way to enhance organizational commitment and reduce turnover intentions. Learning Organization Journal, 20(4/5), 322-337.
Joo, B. (2010). Organizational commitment for knowledge workers: the roles of perceived organizational learning culture, leader member exchange quality, and turnover intention. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 21(1), 69-85.
Kalidass A, Bahron A. (2015). The Relationship between perceived supervisor support, perceived organizational support, organizational commitment and employee turnover intention. International Journal of Business Administration, 6(5), 82-89.
Liden, R. C., Erdogan, B., Wayne, S. J., & Sparrowe, R. T. (2006). Leader-member exchange, differentiation, and task interdependence: Implications for individual and group performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27(6), 723-746.
Liden, R. C. & Maslyn, J. M. (1998). Multidimensionality of leader-member exchange: an empirical assessment through scale development. Journal of Management, 24(1), 43-73.
Liu, A. M., Chiu, W. M., & Fellows, R. (2007). Enhancing commitment through work empowerment. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 14(6), 568-580.
Malhotra, N., Mavondo, F., Mukherjee, A., & Hooley, G. (2013). Service quality of frontline employees: a profile deviation analysis. Journal of Business Research, 66(9), 1338-1344.
Meyer, J. P., Stanley, D. J., Herscovitch, L., & Topolnytsky, L. (2002), Affective, continuance, and normative commitment to the organization: a meta-analysis of antecedents, correlates, and consequences, Journal of Vocational Behavior. 61(1), 20-52.
Michaels, E., Handfield-Jones, H., & Axelrod, B. (2001). The war for talent. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
Mowday, R. T., Steers, R. M. & Porter, L.W. (1979). The measurement of organizational commitment, Journal of Vocational Behavior,14(2), 224-247.
Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A. & Berry L. L. (1988). SERVQUAL: A multiple item scale for measuring consumer perception service quality. Journal of Retailing, 64(1), 12-40
Rhoades, L. & Eisenberger, R. (2002). Perceived organizational support: A review of the literature. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 698-714.
Riggle, R. J., Edmondson, D. R., & Hansen, J. D. (2009). A meta-analysis of the relationship between perceived organizational support and job outcomes: 20 years of research. Journal of Business Researc, 62, 1027–1030.
Schmitz, J., & Schrader, J. (2015). Corporate social responsibility: a microeconomic review of the literature. Journal of Economic Surveys, 29, 27–45.
Spreitzer, G. M. (1995). Psychological empowerment in the workplace: Dimensions, measurement, and validation. Academy of Management Journal, 38(5), 1442-1465.
Vidyarthi, P. R., Liden, R. C., Anand, S., Erdogan, B., & Ghosh, S. (2010). Where do I stand? Examining the effects of leader–member exchange social comparison on employee work behaviors. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95(5), 849-861.
Zbierowski, P. (2011). The positive potential of high performance organization. Journal of Positive Management, 2(1), 94-108.
Zeithaml, V. A., Parasuraman, A., & Berry, L. L. (1990). Delivering quality service. New York: The Free Press.
Zhang, X., & Bartol, K. M. (2010). Linking empowering leadership and employee creativity: The influence of psychological empowerment, intrinsic motivation and creative process engagement. Academy of Management Journal, 53(1), 107-128.