Management Studies in Development and Evolution

Presenting the model for the formation of defensive voice of employees in governmental organizations using the structural equation modeling method

Articles in Press

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Amirhoshang Nazarpouri 1
Zahra Eyni nargeseh 2

1 Assistant Professor, Management faculty, Lorestan university, Khorramabad, Iran.

2 Ph.D. Student in Public Management, Management Department, Faculty of Economics and Management, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.

https://doi.org/10.22054/jmsd.2026.89452.4726
Abstract
the present study was conducted with the aim of identifying the factors influencing employee defensive voice and presenting a model for how this phenomenon emerges. This research is based on a mixed-methods approach, conducted qualitatively and quantitatively within an inductive-deductive paradigm. In terms of objective, the study is applied, and in terms of nature and method, it is descriptive-survey. The statistical population of the research consists of human resources specialists and university professors, 20 of whom were selected using the purposive sampling method. The data collection tool in the qualitative phase is an interview, whose validity and reliability were confirmed, respectively, through content validity, theoretical validity, and intra-coder and inter-coder reliability. In this research, qualitative data were analyzed using the content analysis method and the MAXQDA software, and the quantitative results were analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method. The research findings are presented in the form of a model for the formation of employee defensive voice, categorized into four main dimensions: the bases for the formation of employee defensive voice, the correlating and intervening factors in the formation of employee defensive voice, the dimensions of employee defensive voice, and the consequences of the formation of employee defensive voice.

Keywords

Employee Voice
Defensive Voice
Non-functional Voice
Governmental Organizations
Subjects
Management Studies in Development and Evolution

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 20 April 2026

  • Receive Date 29 November 2025
  • Revise Date 11 February 2026
  • Accept Date 15 February 2026

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